How do we find all possible permutations as elements of the list?
For example,
permutations([1, 2]) -> [1, 2] [2, 1]
permutations([1, 2, 3]) -> [1, 2, 3] [1, 3, 2] [2, 1, 3] [2, 3, 1] [3, 1, 2] [3, 2, 1]
What should I do to save him like this?
algorithm python permutation combinatorics python-2.5
Python 2.6 and later supports this feature with itertools.permutations() and above.
itertools.permutations(iterable[,r]) returns a permutation of r
that can be made available.
If r
is not specified, r
is set to the length of enable.
import itertools
mylist = [1,2,3]
mypermuatation = itertools.permutations(mylist)
for i in mypermuatation:
print i
Result:
(1, 2, 3)
(1, 3, 2)
(2, 1, 3)
(2, 3, 1)
(3, 1, 2)
(3, 2, 1)
If it's below 2.6, you have no choice but to make it yourself. The method I recommend is
def all_perms(elements):
if len(elements) <=1:
yield elements
else:
for perm in all_perms(elements[1:]):
for i in range(len(elements)):
# # nb elements[0:1] works in both string and list contexts
yield perm[:i] + elements[0:1] + perm[i:]
Or
#2.7.11 documentation - https://docs.python.org/2.7/library/itertools.html?highlight=permutations#itertools.permutations
def permutations(iterable, r=None):
# # permutations('ABCD', 2) --> AB AC AD BA BC BD CA CB CD DA DB DC
# # permutations(range(3)) --> 012 021 102 120 201 210
pool = tuple(iterable)
n = len(pool)
r = n if r is None else r
if r > n:
return
indices = range(n)
cycles = range(n, n-r, -1)
yield tuple(pool[i] for i in indices[:r])
while n:
for i in reversed(range(r)):
cycles[i] -= 1
if cycles[i] == 0:
indices[i:] = indices[i+1:] + indices[i:i+1]
cycles[i] = n - i
else:
j = cycles[i]
indices[i], indices[-j] = indices[-j], indices[i]
yield tuple(pool[i] for i in indices[:r])
break
else:
return
Or
def permutations(iterable, r=None):
pool = tuple(iterable)
n = len(pool)
r = n if r is None else r
for indices in product(range(n), repeat=r):
if len(set(indices)) == r:
yield tuple(pool[i] for i in indices)
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